![]() ![]() The three-member crew can emplace the system and have it ready to fire in three minutes. In 1976, the BM-21 was mounted on the newer Ural-4320 6圆 army truck. The launcher itself has the industrial index of "2B5". The original vehicle together with supporting equipment (including the resupply truck 9T254 with 60 rockets) is referred to by the GRAU index "9K51". The vehicle is powered by a water-cooled V8 180 hp gasoline engine, has a maximum road speed of 75 km/h (47 mph), a road range of up to 750 kilometers (470 mi), and can cross fords up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) deep. The launch vehicle consists of a Ural-375D 6圆 truck chassis fitted with a bank of 40 launch tubes arranged in a rectangular shape that can be turned away from the unprotected cab. The M-21 field rocket system with a BM-21 launch vehicle (122 mm multiple rocket launcher (MRL) system) entered service with the Soviet Army in 1963 to replace the aging 140 mm BM-14 system. Many similar 122 mm MLRS systems are made by different countries based on the BM-21 Grad.ĭescription A BM-21-1 launch vehicle during a military parade in Yekaterinburg, May 2009. In Russian service its intended replacement is the 9A52-4 Tornado. Several other countries have copied the Grad or have developed similar systems. In NATO countries the system, either the complete system or the launch vehicle only, was initially known as the M1964. The complete system is more commonly known as a Grad multiple rocket launcher system. ![]() The complete system with the BM-21 launch vehicle and the M-21OF rocket is designated as the M-21 field-rocket system. BM stands for boyevaya mashina ( Russian: боевая машина – combat vehicle), and the nickname grad means " hail". The system and the M-21OF rocket were first developed in the early 1960s, and saw their first combat use in March 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict. The BM-21 "Grad" ( Russian: БМ-21 "Град", lit.' hailstorm') is a self-propelled 122 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union. Splav State Research and Production Enterprise A Russian BM-21-1 on display in Saint Petersburg in May 2009 ![]()
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